All about Fiscal Deficit

Definition of 'Fiscal Deficit: When a government's total expenditures exceed the revenue that it generates (excluding money from borrowings).

Now let us understand what Revenues and expenditures are :

Every family needs to plan their budget so that they don’t go in to the deficit trap. In ideal conditions revenues should always exceed the expenditures.

How revenues are generated:

Tax Revenues: These are those revenues that are generated through the taxes levied on public such as Income Tax, Corporate Tax, Wealth Tax, Fringe benefit taxes (these all are direct taxes i.e. levied on the individual directly), there are some other taxes which in turn are sources of govt. revenues such as, VAT, custom duty, excise duty, service tax (these are types of indirect taxes).

Grants and aids: India enjoys a special love of nature resulting in floods, droughts, lovely Tsunamis (lol), cyclones etc etc etc… So India gets different Grants and Aids from the World banks, ADBs, big boy US, or anybody who wishes to help.

Fines and Penalties: remember that traffic walle bhaiya, sometimes he refuses your chai paani k lie lelo help, All those times the income goes in to govt’s pockets.

Expenditures:

As India is a developing country here Ameer is more Ameer and Gareeb is more Gareeb concepts follow so Govt. has to spend on the different Rajiv Gandhis, Mahatma Gandhis and Pradhan mantris scheme(MNERGA,JNNURAM,PDS schemes etc..).

India is lucky with some peaceful neighbors in the vicinity so India has to spend a chunk of revenues for Defense (Unplanned expenditure).

FRBM Act(Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management act):

As per the target, revenue deficit, which is revenue expenditure minus revenue receipts, have to be reduced to nil in five years beginning 2004-05. Each year, the government is required to reduce the revenue deficit by 0.5% of the GDP.

How Fiscal Deficit is harmful-

Debt Trap-Fiscal deficit is a type of Debt trap, It creates a deficit which can be filled by extra borrowings or increased taxes creating burden on economy or extra debt

Inflation- The money released by the govt. for different schemes never reaches to the needy and is transferred to the pockets of middlemen who can now buy a new merc or chunks of gold which leads to inflation.

Black money- Now the money that is with the bribe masters cannot be in India because of Income tax officials’ fear so they are transferred to Tax heavens i.e. so called Swiss Banks, this create a shortfall of Taxes in India creating a poor Tax collection.

How Fiscal Deficit is not harmful-

Fiscal deficit occurs when govt. spends more in the fiscal year as compared to the revenues generated in the period, If all that Yojanas mentioned earlier turnout to be a success will create more employment, better health of the people, better infrastructure and will eventually leads to a prosperous economy, that will help to curb the Financial Deficit in the coming years.

11:59 - By Unknown 0

Computer Quick Notes For SBI Exam

Dear, readers we are presenting you a Computer Quick notes which will be helpful in your SBI PO & SBI Clerk Exam.

Computer Quick Notes

1.    A collection of 8 bits is called byte.

2.    A website containing periodic posts is called blog

3.    Starting up on operating system is called booting.

4.    A program used to browse the web is called browser.

5.    Vacuum tube was used in First Generation Computer

6.    The 1st commercially produced and sold computer (1951) was UNIVAC.

7.    http stands for hyper text transfer protocol.

8.    The part of a computer that works with the data/programs is called CPU.

9.    The code for a Web page is written using Hypertext Markup language

10.  The first computers were programmed using Machine language

11.  A filename is a unique name that you give to a file of information

12.  This can be another word for program software

13.  Any data or instruction entered into the memory of a computer is considered as storage

14.  Which part of the computer displays the work done monitor

15.  A series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to do it is called a program

16.  Hardware is the part of a computer that one can touch and feel .

17.  Supercomputers refers to the fastest, biggest and most expensive computers

18.  Executing is the process of carrying out commands

19.  The rectangular area of the screen that displays a program, data, and or information is a window

20.  The process of a computer receiving information from a server on the internet is known as - downloading

21.  Disk drive is the part of the computer helps to store information

22.  Arithmetic operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

23.  A keyboard is the king of input device

24.  A collection of related information sorted and dealt with as a unit is a file

25.  Sending an e-mail is similar to writing a letter

26.  IT stands for information technology

27.  A menu contains commands that can be selected

28.  Plotter, printer, monitor are the group consists of output devices

29.  Edit menu is selected to cut, copy and paste

30.  The most important or powerful computer in a typical network is network server

31.  The primary purpose of software is to turn data into information

32.  The ability to find an individual item in a file immediately direct access is used.

33.  To make a notebook act as a desktop model, the notebook can be connected to a docking station which is connected to a monitor and other devices

34.  You can use the tab key to move a cursor across the screen, indent a paragraph.

35.  A collection of related files is called record.

36.  Storage that retains its data after the power is turned off is referred to as non-volatile storage.

37.  A syntax contains specific rules and words that express the logical steps of an algorithm.

38.  Changing an existing document is called the editing documentation

39.  Virtual memory is memory on the hard disk that the CPU uses as an extended RAM.

40.  Computers use the binary number system to store data and perform calculations.

41.  The windows key will launch the start buttons.

42.  To move to the beginning of a line of text, press the home key.

43.  When sending an e-mail, the subject lines describe the contents of the message.

44.  Tables, paragraphs and indexes work with when formatting text in word.

45.  TB is the largest unit of storage.

46.  The operating system tells the computer how to use its components.

47.  When cutting and pasting, the item cut is temporarily stored in clipboard.

48.  The blinking symbol on the computer screen is called the cursor.

49.  Magnetic tape is not practical for applications where data must be quickly recalled because tape is a sequential because tape is a sequential access medium.

50.  Rows and columns are used to organize data in a spread sheet.

51.  When you are working on documentation on PC, the document temporarily stored in flash memory.

52.  One megabyte equals approximately 1 million bytes.

53.  Information travels between components on the motherboard through buses.

54.  RAM refers to the memory in your computer.

55.  Computer connected to a LAN can share information and or share peripheral equipment

56.  Utilities can handle most system functions that aren‘t handled directly by the operating system

57.  If you receive an e-mail from someone you don‘t know then you should delete it without opening it.

58.  A set of instructions telling the computer what to do is called program

59.  LAN refers to a small single site network

60.  A collection of programs that controls how your computer system runs and processes information is called operating system.

61.  Device drivers are small, special-purpose programs

62.  Transformation of input into output is performed by the CPU

63.  Data going into the computer is called input.

64.  Binary choice offer only two options

65.  To indent the first paragraph of your report, you should use tab key

66.  A website address is a unique name that identifies a specific web site on the web

67.   A set of computer programs used for a certain function such as word processing is the best definition of a software package

68.  Alt, Ctrl & Shift keys in a keyboard are known as: Modifier key 

69.  Caps lock, Num lock & Scroll lock in a keyboard are known as: Toggle key

70.  F1 to F12 keys in a keyboard are known as: Function keys

08:34 - By Unknown 0

Marketing Quick Notes For SBI Exam

Dear, readers we are presenting you a Marketing Quick notes which will be helpful in your SBI PO & SBI Clerk Exam.

Quick Notes:

1.    A lead means – A prospective buyer

2.    Benchmark means – set standards

3.    Customization means – specific products for each customer

4.    Customer retention means – customers dealing with same organization for long time

5.    Value Added Service means – additional service

6.    The sequence of the sales process is – Lead, call, presentation and sale

7.     “POS” means – Point Of Sale.

8.    Market Research is useful for – deciding proper marketing strategies

9.    A ‘call’ means – visiting prospective customer.

10.  Online marketing is the function of - I.T Department

11.  Customization is useful for – Designing customer specific products.

12.  The key challenge to market driven strategy is – Delivering superior values to the customers.

13.  Effective selling skills depends on – knowledge level of the sales team.

14.  Generation of sales leads can be improved by – increasing personal and professional contacts.

15.  A market plan is – Documented marketing strategies

16.  Marketing channel mean – Delivery outlets.

17.  Social Marketing means - marketing for a social cause.

18.  Service marketing means - Relationship Marketing

19.  Market driven Strategies include – positioning the organization and its brand in the market place.

20.  Innovation in marketing means – Creativity

.

21.  Personal loan can de canvassed among – Salaried persons

22.  A presentation means – explaining the utility of products

23.  Conversion means – converting a prospective client into a buyer

24.  Modern style of marketing include – digital marketing, telemarketing, e-commerce, e-mail solicitation

25.  e-marketing is same as – digital marketing

26.  Aggressive marketing is necessitated due to – increased competition

27.  Efficient marketing style requires – proper planning, good communication skill, team work, knowledge of products.

28.  The performance of a sales person depends on – ability and willingness of the sales person.

29.  The sole aim of marketing is to – increase sales.

30.  Lead generation means – likely sources for prospective clients.

31.  CRM – Customer Relationship Management

32.  CRM is – A pre sale activity/ a tool for lead generation/ an ongoing daily activity/the task of a DSA.

33.  Bancassuranse can be sold to – All existing and prospective bank customers. 

34.  A successful “Blue Ocean Strategy” requires – effective communication/innovative skills/motivation.

35.  Cross selling is the basic function of all sales persons.

36.  Data mining means – analysing the data stored with the back office staff.

37.  SME means – small and medium enterprises 

38.  The first step in the transaction processing cycle is – data entry

39.  Collecting personal information and effectively posing as another individual is known as – the crime of spoofing

40.  A presentation means: Explain the utility products

41.  Relationship Marketing is useful for:  Cross-selling of products

42.  Good Public Relation indicate: Improved marketing skills, Improved brand image,   Improved customer service.

43.  Networking helps in marking marketing function: An easy task

44.  Delivery channel means — Place where products are made available to the buyers

45.  One of the methods for market monitoring is —-  To discuss with other sales persons

46.  A scenario in which a customer has too much awareness of the Brand is called: Over Positioning

47.  Creating a distinctive place in the minds of customer means: Brand Positioning

48.  Say’s Law of Markets states that____ Supply creates its own demand

49.  Gresham’s Law states that— Bad money drives good money out of circulation

50.  Investment is defined as a— Change in the stock of capital

08:23 - By Unknown 0